Image Interpretation

Lesson Objectives

1. Recognize the following findings on lung ultrasound:
   1. Lung sliding and associated: barcode sign, seashore sign
   2. Lung pulse
   3. Lung point
   4. Consolidation and associated: spine sign, shred sign, air bronchograms, curtain sign
   5. Pleural effusion and associated: quad sign, sinusoid sign, shred sign, jellyfish sign / lung flapping, plankton sign, fibrin strands
2. Be able to integrate clinical findings and ultrasound findings

Video

Review Questions

1. How can you manipulate your ultrasound image to better appreciate lung pulse? 
2. True of False: Loss of lung sliding means a diagnosis of pneumothorax
3. What artefact is produced due to interstitial fluid or fibrosis? 
4. True or False: B-lines rules out pneumothorax at its location
5. You notice B-lines on your lung ultrasound image and see that the pleura is irregular and jagged. What is more likely, cardiogenic pulmonary edema or an inflammatory/fibrotic process? 
6. You see a single B-line when putting your probe against a patient’s dependent zone. What is this likely to be?
7. What does the shred sign signify?
8. True of False: Complex effusions have blood flow
9. How can pleural effusions be classified? 
10. How do transudative and exudative effusions appear on ultrasound?